The extruder screw is the key component of the extruder. The performance of the screw determines the productivity, plasticizing quality, dispersion of additives, melt temperature and power consumption of an extruder and can directly affect its scope of application and production efficiency. Through the rotation of the screw, the plastic can be squeezed, and the plastic can move, pressurize, and obtain some heat from friction in the barrel. The plastic is mixed and plasticized in the process of moving in the barrel. As there are many types of plastics, their properties are also different. Therefore, in order to adapt to different plastic processing needs, the extrusion screw types and structures required are both different in actual operation,so as to maximize the efficiency of plastic transportation, extrusion, mixing and plasticization.
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The material of the extruder screw elements must have the characteristics of high temperature resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and high strength, and should also have those of good cutting performance, small residual stress after heat treatment, and small thermal deformation.
(1) High mechanical properties. Extruder barrel material and extruder screw material must have sufficient strength to adapt to high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions and increase the service life.
(2) Good mechanical processing performance. This type of extruder screw material must have better cutting performance and heat treatment performance.
(3) Excellent corrosion and abrasion resistance.
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Screw Size &#; The Screw is the heart of the extruder. It is measured in outside diameter most extruders are between .75&#;-10&#;. The most popular sizes are 1.5&#;, 2.5&#;, 3.5&#; 4.5 and 6&#;. The effective length of the extruders typically 24-36 L/D although can be shorter or longer for specialized applications. The L/D of a single screw extruder is the ratio of the length over the diameter.
Motor and Gearbox &#; Extruders are variable speed with either an AC motor or DC motor. DC motors have been the longstanding standard for years, however AC motors are becoming more and more popular with plastic processing. These motors can be direct driven or belt driven to gear reducers. It is important to be aware of the gearbox reduction on the single screw extruders to maintain proper screw output speeds for your material.
Barrel Cooling &#; Extruders will can be equipped with Air cooling or water cooling. Air cooling which is done with fans in in general less difficult to use. Water cooling is a more effective then air cooling, however tends to require more maintenance and in general more difficult to maintain.
Centerline Height &#; The height of the center of the screw to the floor. Typical height is 42.5&#;. Higher could be called Highboy Extruder, lower would be called Low Boy Extruder
Feed Throat Size and Geometry &#; The opening and shape of the feed section of an extruder should be chosen with the material and bulk density in mind.
Screw Design &#; There are many different variations of extruder screws. Conventional single stage screws have a constant pitch. Two stage screws are used for venting. Screws also can have various forms of mixing for specific applications.
Above is a very brief description of the components of a single screw extruder. Please feel free to contact and Arlington Machinery salesman to help find a used extruder that will fit your application.