Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) Advantages
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The ADI casting requires a precisely controlled heat-treatment (heat, hold, quench, austemper, and cool) to develop the desired microstructure (acicular ferrite and carbon-stabilized austenite) and mechanical properties.The different grades and mechanical properties of ADI alloys are described in the ASTM A897 specification for austempered ductile iron castings.
Austempered ductile iron provides--
Yield strength, toughness and impact resistance comparable to many cast/forged steels.
Vibration dampening and heat transfer superior to other ferrous/non-ferrous alloys.
Significant weight and cost savings over both aluminum and steel castings/forgings.
Increased fracture and fatigue strength.
Cost savings over aluminum and steel castings/forgings.
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austempered ductile iron (ADI) provides high strength, good fatigue properties, superior wear qualities, excellent toughness, and costeffectiveness.
Tensile and Yield Strength:
AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI)'s tensile and yield strengths are at least twice those of standard ductile irons.
Fatigue Strength:
AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI)'s fatigue strength is typically 50% higher than that of standard ductile irons. It can be further increased by shot peening or fillet rolling. The lower hardness grades of AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) work well in structural applications.
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Toughness:
AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI)'s excellent impact and fracture-toughness properties make it ideal for applications such as ground-engaging tools.
Less weight
AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) weighs only 2.4 times more than aluminum and is 2.3 times stiffer. AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) is also 10% less dense than steel. Therefore, when you compare the relative weight per unit of yield strength of AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) with that of various aluminums and steels, it is easy to see the engineering and design advantages inherent in AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI).
Wear Characteristics:
The higher hardness grades of AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) are excellent for wear applications. Unlike case-hardened materials, typically the AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) is uniformly hardened throughout the part. Also, AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) work-hardens when stressed. This produces a thin surface of very hard martensite where wear resistance is most needed.
Cost-effectiveness:
AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) is usually 15% to 20% less costly than steel forgings or castings. It is the most economical way of obtaining tensile, yield, or fatigue strength. AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) often competes favorably with heat-treated and alloy steels for heavyduty applications where reliabilty is crucial. It is a useful upgrade from standard grades of ductile iron. In some cases it replaces manganese steel and nickel-chrome iron. Because of AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI)'s high strength-to-weight ratio, it has even replaced aluminum where the design allows reduced section sizes.
Properties of AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) Compared to Steel:
? AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) is much easier to cast than steel
AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) is approximately 9% lighter than steel
AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) has minimal draft requirements compare with steel forgings
AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) loses less of its toughness than steel at subzero temperatures
AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) work hardens when stressed
AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) has more damping capacity than steel
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