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How Does Heat Pump Work?
A heat pump is a device that uses refrigeration and electricity to move heat from one location to another. It moves heat from a low-temperature heat source, such as outdoor air or groundwater, to a high-temperature heat sink, such as your home's heating system. Here's how a heat pump works:
1. The heat pump operates like an air conditioner in reverse. Instead of removing heat from the indoor air and exhausting it outdoors, it extracts heat from the outdoor air (even when the temperature is cold) and releases it indoors.
2. A heat pump system consists of two parts: an indoor unit and an outdoor unit. The outdoor unit contains a compressor, a fan, and a heat exchanger. The indoor unit contains a fan and a portion of the heat exchanger.
3. When the heat pump is in heating mode, the outdoor unit coils absorb heat from the outside air and transfer it to the refrigerant inside the coils. The refrigerant is then compressed, raising its temperature further. The hot refrigerant flows through the indoor unit's coils, where it releases heat indoors. The indoor air is circulated by a fan throughout the home's vents.
4. When the heat pump is in cooling mode, the refrigerant absorbs the heat from the indoor air instead of the outdoor air. The heat is then transferred outdoors, and the process starts again.
5. Some heat pumps also have a backup heating system. This system kicks in when the outdoor temperature drops below a certain point. The backup system is usually electric resistance heat, which is less efficient than the heat pump but can still provide heat if needed.
In summary, a heat pump moves heat from outdoors to indoors or vice versa, depending on if it's in heating or cooling mode. It's energy efficient and can save you money on your energy bills.
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