Formwork is a temporary structure used to hold wet concrete in place until it cures. Good formwork balances requirements like easy removal, strength, smooth surfaces, and economy. It must be strong enough to support the weight of concrete but also rigid to maintain proper shape. Design considerations include using modular sizes for re-use, prefabricating components, and minimizing materials and labor. Common formwork types include columns, beams, slabs, and walls, each with specific structural members and assembly.
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Formwork is a temporary but rigid structure in which the cast in situ concrete is laid for casting the members to the required shape. It is also known as centering or shuttering. The form work is permitted to stay in position till the concrete achieves enough strength to resist the stresses coming on it without the assistance of formwork. After this, the form work is removed. A good form work should satisfy the following requirements:
&#; It should be adequately strong to withstand an extensive variety of dead and live loads. For instance, self-weight, the weight of reinforcement, the weight of wet concrete, loads of workers and any other loads during and after casting of concrete.
&#; It should be inflexibly built and efficiently propped and supported to hold its shape without undue deflection.
&#; The joints in the formwork should be tight enough to prevent leakage of cement grout.
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&#; The formwork should be created in such a way that it may allow the evacuation of different parts in the desired sequence without shaking or damaging the concrete.
&#; The material of the formwork should be inexpensive, easily accessible, and can be reused several times.
&#; The surface of the formwork should be plain and smooth and set properly to the desired line and level.
&#; The material of the former should not bend or get perverted in the presence of sun, rain or water at the time of concreting.
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