Despite their apparent simplicity, centrifugal pumps come in a wide range of types, sizes, shapes, standards, stages, speeds, sealing and other design features, construction materials, orientations, and so on.
Experts benefit from more options because they provide a broader range of options. More options, on the other hand, cause more confusion for beginners because they expand the selection criteria.
One of the most frequently asked questions is whether a horizontal pump is superior to a vertical pump, or how to select the proper type of pump.
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Let's a comparison between horizontal and vertical centrifugal pump
Horizontal pump
Vertical pump
Similarities:
Both pumps use the same basic principle of centrifugal force to move liquids through the impeller and into the discharge pipe.
Both horizontal and vertical pumps can handle similar types of liquids, such as water, oil, and chemicals.
Both types of pumps are available in a range of sizes and materials to meet different performance and durability requirements.
Specific speed options and radial mixed axial flow options are available
Both can have different impeller configurations like open/ semi-open/ Closed.
All sealing methods (Mechanical seal, Packing seal) are available in both the options
Differences:
Design: Horizontal centrifugal pumps have a horizontal shaft and an impeller that rotates within a casing. Vertical centrifugal pumps, on the other hand, have a vertically-oriented shaft and an impeller that is suspended within a casing.
Space requirements: Horizontal centrifugal pumps are typically larger in size and require more space for installation as compared to vertical centrifugal pumps. Vertical pumps are more compact and occupy less space, making them suitable for applications where space is limited. Eg. offshore Platform
Installation requirements: Horizontal pump installation is more complex than vertical inline pump design. Alignment is necessary among pump, piping, and motor mounting. Vertical pumps are easy to install, being inline design can be simply suspended like a valve in piping works
Flow rate: Horizontal centrifugal pumps can generate higher flow rates than vertical centrifugal pumps. As a result, they are well-suited for large-scale applications requiring high flow rates. Vertical centrifugal pumps, on the other hand, are better suited for applications requiring a low flow rate.
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NPSH requirement: NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head) is the amount of pressure required to prevent cavitation in a pump. Horizontal centrifugal pumps typically have a lower NPSH requirement than vertical centrifugal pumps, making them more suitable for applications where the liquid source is low.
Maintenance: Horizontal centrifugal pumps are easier to maintain compared to vertical centrifugal pumps, as they have more accessible parts and require less disassembly.
Drivers types: Horizontal pumps for electric motors, diesel engines, and gearboxes. Vertical pumps good for motor drive
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Multistage centrifugal pumps have multiple impellers and volutes (stages) that connect in a series, allowing the liquid to flow from one stage to the next at increased pressure. The liquid enters the first volute or chamber at suction line pressure and exits at elevated pressure. The fluid then enters the second stage where the pressure increases and continues through each chamber until discharge. Each stage that the liquid passes through increases the pressure until discharge, at the highest pressure.
A multistage pump develops pressure according to the diameter of the impellers, the number of stages or volutes and the speed of the impellers. As there are several impellers to transfer energy into the pumped liquid, each impeller and volute combination can have smaller gaps. While smaller combinations ensure hydraulic efficiencies, multistage pumps are not well suited for pumping solid or abrasive materials.
Applications for multistage pumps
What makes multistage pumps unique is that they can produce higher pressure at each stage yet retain a constant flow. They’re also one of the more energy-efficient pumps for many different applications.
Multistage pumps are popular in pressure-boosting applications (for example, to push water up to high rise buildings), reverse osmosis (RO), boiler feed water, spraying and high-pressure cleaning, waterworks and water circulation, irrigation, heating and cooling/conditioning, wash down facilities, oil & gas production and power generation & mining.
Depending on how the shaft is positioned and shaped, multistage centrifugal pumps can be either vertical or horizontal.
Horizontal Multistage Centrifugal Pumps
This type of pump has modular components with a rotating assembly located between bearing housings. The shaft of horizontal centrifugal pumps is horizontal, which makes these pumps particularly suited to indoor applications where they require less headroom.
A horizontal centrifugal multistage pump is balanced at high pressures, which means it can handle higher flow rates than vertical multistage pumps. However, horizontal stage pumps require somewhat more complicated mounting due to expansion/contraction issues. They can also be expensive upfront and difficult to maintain.
Vertical Multistage Centrifugal Pumps
A vertical multistage pump has a shaft that runs vertically, with stages stacked on top of each other. Above ground, they are well suited to applications with space limitations or less ground surface, or where you need to increase NPSH. They work well for both high-pressure output and higher temperature fluids but have minimal clearances which makes them suited for clean water applications.
This type of pump can’t handle large debris or solids and might be at risk of deadhead. In some applications, the motor must be removed to perform maintenance.
Whether vertical or horizontal, multistage centrifugal pumps are an energy-efficient solution for a wide range of flow/head scenarios. If you think it might be right for your application, be sure to call our toll-free number 1-800-367-4180. Our experts are on hand to help you choose, install and maintain a variety of equipment. And to answer questions about things you’ve previously tried gone wrong.
Contact us to discuss your requirements of Vertical Chemical Centrifugal Pump. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.